Architectural history of venice pdf

Description Reviews. Believed to have been founded by refugees at the fall of the Roman Empire, Venice became a semi-independent outpost of Byzantium and eventually an independent republic. The city flourished for centuries as a trading center between east and west, and its visual traditions were continually enriched by the exposure to outside influences.

When the long-lasting republic fell to Napoleon in , many attempts at modernization followed. She highlights the achievements of such individual architects as Sansovino, Palladio, Longhena, Massari, and Selva. Throughout the book, the author stresses the visual qualities of the buildings themselves, enhancing our appreciation of individual structures built in Venice and providing a spectacular view of the city that inspired their creation.

Deborah Howard is professor of architectural history at the University of Cambridge and a fellow of St.

Make the pleasure last. Savor this new book. Early Renaissance Types of roofs Gateways 2. High Renaissance 1. Gable 1. Egyptian - Pylon 3. Baroque 2. Hip 2. Greek - Propylaeum 4. Rococo 3. Hipped gable 3. Indian - Torana 4. Mansart 4. Chinese - Pai-lou 12 Architects of St.

Gambrel history of architecture 5. Japanese — Torii 1. Donato Bramante 6. Butterfly 2. Giuliano da Sangallo 7. Rainbow Pyramid vs. Fra Giocondo 1. Pyramids have sloping faces; 4. Raphael 5 Points of New Architecture ziggurats have diminishing faces 5. Baldassare Peruzzi 1. Framework structurally independent 2. Pyramids used stone as building 6. Antonio da Sangallo of walls material, ziggurats used mud-bricks 7.

Michelangelo 2. Pyramids have sides facing the 8. Giacomo della Porta 3. Roof garden cardinal points, ziggurats have 9. Domenico Fontana 4. Open planning corners facing the cardinal points Vignola 5. Cube form elevated on stilts or Carlo Maderna columns Hellenic vs Hellenistic Germany — Jugendstil 2nd Phase - Christopher Wren 3.

Austria — Sezessione 4. Il Redentore was completed in , and it is has a very similar appearance to another Palladian building, the San Giorgio Monastery. Both were constructed simultaneously in the late s , with the Monastery of San Giorgio finishing up 18 years after Il Redetore in Astronomical clocks give other information besides the time, including the phases of the moon, and the Zodiac Callendar.

These clocks were very popular in the late Middle Ages and dozens of cities throughout Europe feature these complicated pieces of Medieval Machinery. The tower containing the clock is dedicated to Saint Mark. At the top, you can see a winged Venetian Lion which was a symbol of Saint Mark before being adopted as the official seal of Venice.

The Biblioteca Marciana, also known as the Library of St. Construction began on the building in , and the use of classical design elements can easily be seen throughout the exterior.

There are white marble statues adorning the roof and there are Doric and Ionic columns, paired with round arches throughout the facade. The Biblioteca Marciana once contained a great collection of books, manuscripts, and historical documents. But most of these have since been moved to other locations and today the library mostly functions as a museum. In the image above you can see the courtyard of the palace, which features a large monumental staircase that was built in Because of the incredible wealth brought into the city by its vast trading network, Venice had one of the wealthiest populations in all of Europe.

As a result, the city is filled with dozens of great palaces. Many of which line the Grand Canal. The main facade features all of the typical elements from Renaissance Architecture , such as symmetry, proportion, repetition, and orderliness. The church is impressive for its size and it towers over the surrounding Campo di Santa Maria Formosa. The church was completed in , at a time when Renaissance Architecture was really gaining popularity in Venice.

All of these towers are built in a square plan, are extremely narrow and thin, and are capped with a steeply pitched roof. The main facade is symmetrical and borrows many of its features from Classical Architecture, such as the Ionic Columns and the decorative frieze at the top. Today the Palazzo Vendramin is well known as the home of the Casino de Venezia.

The casino has been located in the palace since the s and it is a popular spot for gambling and nightlife within Venice. Le Zitelle is another church located not far from Il Redentore, on the island of Giudecca. The church has a fantastic position overlooking the Giudecca Canal and many believe it was designed by Andrea Palladio , who also designed several other churches in this part of Venice. Together these churches show just how productive Palladio was during the Renaissance, rivaling other artists like Brunelleschi and Michelangelo who designed many incredible buildings in Florence and Rome.

Most people visit the building to view the many paintings by Venetian Renaissance Master Tintoretto. Tintoretto was born in in Venice, and he eventually became one of the most successful artists in town. It features a marble-clad facade, which is decorated in a typical Renaissance fashion.

Here you can see the use of Classical Architectural Elements, paired with a harmonious use of symmetry and proportion. The church was completed in the 15th century , and it is built with pristine white Istrian Marble — a material that can be found throughout many works from the Venetian Renaissance.

Interested in Revival Architecture? Check out our article on the Architecture of Stockholm to see more great examples of Revival Style Buildings. The Republic of Venice continued to peak through the start of the Baroque Age, but two major factors lead to its eventual decline. The first was the Discovery of the New World, which lead to a massive shift in European trade, which was now focused on the Americas rather than the Mediterranean. This weakened the Venetian trading network significantly, and lead to a great loss of income.

In addition to this, there were continued losses of Venetian territory to the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans took over Crete in and pushed the Venetians out of Greece entirely by Although Venice still contains a lot of Baroque Buildings, at this point in history the city was in a slow state of decline, which would ultimately end with the dissolution of the republic in It sits on a narrow piece of land that separates the Grand Canal from the Giudecca Canal.

Work began on the church in , and it incorporates many of the distinct characteristics of Baroque Architecture. The exterior is lavishly decorated with ornately carved details and statues.

There are also several elements that have been borrowed from Classical Architecture, such as the Corinthian Columns and the balustrade that sits atop the roofline just below the dome.

Most of the exterior is made entirely of the same Istrian Marble that is found throughout Venice. It contains one of the most intricate and lavishly decorated facades of any church on this list. Much of the building dates to the Baroque Age, and the main facade was started in The facade is one of the best examples of the harmony of sculpture and architecture that existed in the Baroque Age. The entire front of the church is covered with sculptures depicting people, plants, and animals, and there are also a few monuments to prominent Venetians.

The church was built in the early s , making it an early version of the Neoclassical Building Form that would sweep across Europe by the 19th century. The main facade of the building is an almost exact replica of a Roman or Greek-style temple. Neoclassical Architecture would eventually become one of the leading styles during the Revival Era of the s.

Countless buildings were built in this style throughout the world, particularly in places like the United States, Russia, and the UK. Palazzo Labia is a work of Baroque architecture located in the Cannaregio neighborhood of Venice. The interior of Palazzo Labia is filled with several significant works of art. The most iconic of these art pieces is a large frescoed ceiling painted by the Roccoco painter Giovanni Battista Tiepolo.

The Palazzo Corner della Regina is one of the last major palaces built along the edges of the Grand Canal. It was constructed beginning in , and its one of the greatest examples of Baroque architecture in Venice. The Facade features many of the typical Baroque Design Elements, but one aspect that makes this building unique is the inclusion of expressive faces above the windows and doorways.

These faces, or masks, each convey different emotions, and some of them even function as downspouts. This playful use of imagery and decoration was common in the Baroque Age. One can imagine that the masks on this facade were inspired by the iconic Masquerade Balls that were thrown periodically within Venice during this time period.

Chiesa degli Scalzi is another important Baroque Church located within Venice. Construction began on the church in the mid 17th century , and it once contained an incredible fresco painted by Tiepolo. The Austrian attacks on Venice proved to be of little strategic value during the war and in a way, they were actually a costly mistake. Newspapers in France, the UK, and the United States all reported on the attack, which helped increase support for the war effort in Europe.

Much of the church was built in the late s , but it saw a major renovation during the Baroque Age. The main facade of San Rocco was begun in , and it contains several major design features of the Baroque Style. The church is located right next to a few other major works of architecture mentioned in this article including the Church of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari and the Scuola Grande di San Rocco.

Construction originally began on the church in the late s , but the main portico at the front was added in the Baroque Age. This portion greatly resembles a Greek or Roman Temple, and has a row of six Corinthian Columns supporting a Pediment.

The Pediment is decorated with an oval-shaped window, which is an important Baroque detail within the overall facade. The Republic of Venice was broken up by Napoleon in Venice made it through both WWI and WWII largely undamaged when compared to other European cities, and today Venice looks about the same as it did when it peaked during the 15thth centuries.

One of the greatest modern-age architects of Venetian origin is Carlo Scarpa , who spent his entire career designing buildings within the Veneto Region. Venice contains a few cherished Scarpa Buildings, among other works from famous architects. Constitution Bridge, also known as the Ponte della Costituzione, is a modern bridge in Venice designed by the famed architect and engineer, Santiago Calatrava.

Calatrava is famous for his use of modern contemporary forms, that can only be constructed with the use of cutting-edge technology and materials.

You can clearly see this in the sleek sweeping curves of the Constitution Bridge. The steel structure of the bridge resembles the skeletal structure found within snakes and fish, and the distinct curvature greatly contrasts the rest of the surrounding buildings in the area. Carlo Scarpa is one of the most influential architects of the past century, and he was a distinctly Venetian Designer. Scarpa worked predominantly within Venice itself, and in the surrounding Veneto Region.

Here Scarpa uses several cast-in-place concrete forms to create a sculptural edifice that is distinctly modern. Carlo Scarpa also designed a bridge over a small canal that services the Fondazione Querini Stampalia.

The Venice Biennale is an annual event held within the city that showcases a wide variety of modern art exhibits. Although not necessarily architecture, these art installations are world-renowned for their experiential designs and themes. The two hands are reaching directly out of the waters of the Grand Canal and grabbing hold of a Venetian Gothic Palace.